Wednesday, December 8, 2010

Notebook from the night a Beatle died

John LennonLennon fans are commemorating his life and work on the 30th anniversary of his death
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Tom Brook was the first British journalist to report live from the scene of John Lennon's murder outside the former Beatle's home in New York on 8 December 1980. Here, he gives his personal recollections of what it was like to cover the shooting, and its aftermath for BBC News.

On the evening of 8 December 1980 I was a young inexperienced journalist living in New York who'd recently arrived from London. I was totally unprepared for the drama that would unfold.

It began with a late night phone call from pop impresario Jonathan King, who was then a columnist for BBC Radio 1 living in New York. He told me he'd heard reports of a shooting outside the Dakota, Lennon's home, and that the former Beatle was possibly the victim.

Before long I was racing up 8th Avenue in a taxi and I arrived at the Dakota sometime after 11.00 pm bearing a tape recorder and notepaper.

There was an eerie silence - the street had been cordoned off - there were a couple of police cars outside the entrance to the Dakota - a few people had begun to gather.

Tom Brook Tom Brook returned this week to the scene of the tragedy

Minutes before I arrived at the building, Lennon had been rushed to nearby Roosevelt Hospital - hauled over the shoulder of a policeman. Dr Stephan Lynn and his team at the emergency room worked frantically to try to bring him back to life.

A few days ago Dr Lynn told me exactly what was going on inside the resuscitation room. As he recalled: "He had no signs of life, no blood pressure, no pulse. He was unresponsive. We opened his left chest, I did it, with a scalpel. We made an incision.

"I actually held his heart in my hand as the nurses rapidly transfused blood. I tried to massage the heart as we put blood into his body. We knew that there was no way that we could restore circulation, there was no way that we could repair the massive injury to all of the blood vessels in the body."

Outside the Dakota I was trying to get in touch with my colleagues in Broadcasting House in London where it was before dawn.

There was no breakfast television in those days, radio ruled the morning airwaves but international communications were far from instantaneous. There was no internet, no email, no texting, no mobile phones, in many instances no direct dialling to London.

From a public phone booth not far from the Dakota I managed to get through to Today - the night editor told me to get whatever I could but to make sure I got back in touch by 6.30 am when the programme went on the air.

Overcoming emotion

I returned to the crowd which was now growing rapidly. I recorded people's comments. Among the tearful and grieving was a young woman from Britain who said "I feel like I've been punched in the stomach". Those words summed up exactly how everyone felt.

I persuaded the night duty clerk in a building opposite the Dakota to let me use his telephone so I could feed the taped comments to London. Sending audio to London in those days was cumbersome.

Tom Brook's notes and recordings Tom Brook has kept notes from the night, which took place in an age without modern, easy forms of communication

You had to unscrew the mouthpiece from a telephone handset and then attach a special lead with crocodile clips - the other end of this lead connected to the output of the tape recorder. It was a precarious and tricky operation - but it worked that night.

The clerk wouldn't take any money for the gigantic phone bill I must have clocked up. He told me he didn't want any payment because he loved John Lennon and his music.

Pretty soon I was broadcasting live. I'd always been a big John Lennon fan. His music and lyrics had really engaged me.

John Lennon

On the air, the late Brian Redhead, who was co-presenting Today, pressed me for some detail and I remember finishing off his question with the words: "…..and now he's dead." I was pretty composed - but the finality of that statement got to me. I thought I might lose it.

I've kept some of the notepaper I used from that night. I had to file for the Radio 4 bulletins. Every time I'd write out a rough script the facts would change so there are all kinds of corrections.

There's a lot of scrawl - it began to get messy. It was stressful and the story was very emotional.

The crowd was expanding exponentially. Soon it was several hundred strong. People arrived at the Dakota in tears, bearing candles, they sang Lennon songs, it became an all-night vigil.

Family pain

A few days ago I learned that for one of Lennon's famous acquaintances - American singer-songwriter James Taylor - the violence of that night came very close to home: "It seems amazing to me now, but I lived in the building one up from the Dakota and I heard him shot - five, just as quick as you could pull the trigger, about five explosions. And his assassin had button-holed me in the tube station, the subway stop, right in front of 72nd Street the day before.

Yoko Ono and Sean LennonSean Lennon says it's always difficult when the anniversary comes round and he tries to look out for mother Yoko Ono

"The guy had sort of pinned me to the wall and was glistening with maniacal sweat and talking some freak speak about what he was going to do and his stuff with how John was interested, and he was going to get in touch with John Lennon. And it was surreal to actually have contact with the guy 24 hours before he shot John."

It took Yoko Ono some time before she began to talk publicly about the night. I interviewed her just before the second anniversary of Lennon's death in 1982.

To her it seemed like her famous husband was still among the living. In a composed voice she told me: "He's still alive, he's still with us, his spirit will go on. You can't kill a person that easily, that's the way I feel about it."

Sean Ono Lennon, Yoko Ono's son by John Lennon, was only five when his father was killed. He was at home in the Dakota when it happened.

To him it's a difficult anniversary: "It has been 30 years since he passed away, and this time of year I tend to just sort of look out for my mum and make sure that she's alright. That's basically it, I just want to make sure that she's ok."

Tom Brook's notes on the star's murder

The anniversary of Lennon's death has brought forth an outpouring of unadulterated admiration from both his fans and some of the biggest names in the music business.

U2's front man Bono, who was passing through New York at the time of the shooting, says: "I just know I wouldn't be standing without him, and my whole life as an artist was kind of shaped by him and I can't exaggerate enough the effect his music had on me."

Lennon probably wouldn't be happy with all this retrospective praise.

In one of his last major print interviews published in Playboy he said: "I don't have any romanticism about any part of my past. I don't believe in yesterday. I'm only interested in what I'm doing now."

John Lennon may not have wanted to dwell on his past but judging from all anniversary tributes, millions of us remain, 30 years after his death, intensely interested in him and his music.

This article is from the BBC News website. � British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/go/rss/int/news/-/news/entertainment-arts-11926898

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Study offers MS nerve repair clue

Brain of an MS patientThe study suggests a way of helping the brain repair damage
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Scientists have identified a way of prompting nerve system repair in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Studies on rats by Cambridge and Edinburgh University researchers identified how to help stem cells in the brain regenerate myelin sheath, needed to protect nerve fibres.

MS charities said the "exciting" Nature Neuroscience work offered hope of restoring physical functions.

But they cautioned it would be some years before treatments were developed.

MS is caused by a defect in the body's immune system, which turns in on itself, and attacks the fatty myelin sheath.

It is thought to affect around 100,000 people in the UK.

Around 85% have the relapsing/remitting form of the condition, in which "flare-ups" which cause disability, are followed by a recovery of a level of the lost physical function.

In this form of MS, there does appear to be some natural myelin repair.

However, around 10% of people are diagnosed with a progressive form of MS, where the decline continues without any periods of remission.

In addition, people with the relapsing/remitting form do often go on to develop what is called secondary progressive MS, which affects them in the same way.

Scientists have been looking at how they might develop treatments for these two groups.

In MS, loss of the myelin sheaths which act as insulating layers, leads to the nerve fibres in the brain becoming damaged.

These fibres are important as they send messages to other parts of the body.

This study identified a signalling pathway in the brain which can encourage the brain's own stem cells to regenerate the fibres.

They also showed how this mechanism can be exploited to make the brain's own stem cells better able to regenerate new myelin.

“For people with MS this is one of the most exciting developments in recent years. ”

Simon Gillespie, Chief executive of the MS Society, which part-funded the research

The scientists believe this will help in identifying drugs to encourage myelin repair in MS patients.

However, much more work is needed - both to test if the mechanism works in people with MS and to see what drugs might be needed to promote the effect.

Professor Charles ffrench-Constant, of the University of Edinburgh's MS Society Centre for MS Research, said: "The aim of our research is to slow the progression of MS with the eventual aim of stopping and reversing it.

"This discovery is very exciting as it could potentially pave the way to find drugs that could help repair damage caused to the important layers that protect nerve cells in the brain."

Professor Robin Franklin, director of the MS Society's Centre for Myelin Repair at the University of Cambridge, said: "Therapies that repair damage are the missing link in treating MS.

"In this study we have identified a means by which the brain's own stem cells can be encouraged to undertake this repair, opening up the possibility of a new regenerative medicine for this devastating disease."

The study was funded by the MS Society and the National MS Society in the US.

Simon Gillespie, chief executive of the MS Society, which part-funded the research, said: "For people with MS this is one of the most exciting developments in recent years.

"It's hard to put into words how revolutionary this discovery could be and how critical it is to continue research into MS."

Pam Macfarlane, chief executive of the MS Trust added: "Exploration of processes that might repair areas of damage to myelin, is another important area of MS research and this may eventually allow people to recover function that has been lost to disability.

"This is still an early study in rodents but it will be very interesting to see how it develops."

This article is from the BBC News website. � British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/go/rss/int/news/-/news/health-11913689

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Redknapp plans to keep attacking

Tottenham boss Harry Redknapp vows not to curtail his side's attacking intent after they produce another thriller to finish top of Champions League Group A.

This article is from the BBC News website. � British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Source: http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/rss/int/news/-/sport1/hi/football/teams/t/tottenham_hotspur/9266546.stm

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Newspaper review

Papers

The arrest of the Wikileaks founder Julian Assange is the lead for the Guardian and Independent.

The Independent says informal discussions have already been held between American and Swedish officials about the possibility of Mr Assange being delivered into US custody.

The Times believes the arrest had nothing to do with Wikileaks, referring to the rape allegations against him.

Mr Assange denies sexually assaulting two women in Sweden.

According to the Daily Telegraph, there is fury over plans being studied by ministers to allow pension funds to override their rules linking payments to the Retail Prices Index.

Instead, rises would follow the Consumer Prices Index.

The paper says this measure is generally significantly lower.

According to the Daily Mail, experts have warned the move could mean some 12 million private sector workers seeing their pensions slashed.

"Get out of jail free" is how the Sun sums up Justice Secretary Ken Clarke's proposals for sentencing guidelines.

They include a "U-turn" on an election promise for automatic prison sentences for anyone caught carrying a knife, the paper says.

According to the Daily Mail, Mr Clarke is "taking a gigantic gamble with our safety for ideological reasons".

Daily Express columnist Stephen Pollard calls Mr Clarke's Green Paper a "criminals' charter".

"Britain's culture of benefits dependency is exposed as new figures show 1.6 million 'workers' have never had a job," says the Daily Express.

It is now clear that generations have embraced a life of idleness funded by the taxpayer, the paper says.

According to the Daily Telegraph, the figures show the number of adults who have never had a job has risen by 200,000 since the coalition was formed.

Half the increase came from former students who cannot get jobs, it says.

This article is from the BBC News website. � British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/go/rss/int/news/-/news/uk-11945329

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Tuesday, December 7, 2010

Japan waits on Venus spacecraft

Artist's impression of the Akatsuki probe (Jaxa)An artist's impression of the Akatsuki probe at the planet Venus
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Japan's space agency (Jaxa) is working to establish the status of its Akatsuki mission to Venus.

The spacecraft fired its main engine just before midnight GMT on Monday in a manoeuvre designed to allow the planet's gravity to capture the probe.

Akatsuki then briefly lost contact with Earth as it moved behind the Venus.

Scientists said they would know later on Tuesday whether the operation to insert the satellite into the correct orbit had been successful or not.

Akatsuki was launched to the inner-world by an H-IIA rocket in May. Its goals include finding definitive evidence for lightning and for active volcanoes.

It will not be alone at Venus; the European Space Agency's Venus Express craft arrived at the planet in 2006. The pair are due to conduct joint observations.

Venus is almost identical in size to our planet, and is thought to have a similar composition. But there the resemblance ends.

AKATSUKI ('DAWN') VENUS ORBITER
Akatsuki (Jaxa)
Will study atmosphere and surfaceSize: 1.0m by 1.4m by 1.4mMass at lift-off: About 500kg5 cameras; 1 radio experimentDesigned for 4.5-year lifeWill sit in 300km by 80,000km orbit

The thick Venusian atmosphere is opaque to instruments that operate at visible wavelengths and so the Japanese probe carries five cameras that are sensitive in the infrared and ultraviolet parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.

This instrument suite will enable scientists to investigate the clouds layer by layer.

Infrared sensitivity can also be used to study surface composition. This is how scientists hope to detect active volcanism.

Europe's Venus Express probe recently found lava flows that could have been younger than 250,000 years old.

It has been a busy year in space for Japan.

The major success was the safe return to Earth of the Hayabusa probe which had collected dust grains from the surface of an asteroid.

The same H-IIA rocket that launched Akatsuki also launched the country's Ikaros solar sail - the first practical demonstration of a spacecraft being propelled around the Solar System by the pressure of sunlight alone.

Assuming Monday's manoeuvre worked properly, three more engine burns are planned to refine Akatsuki's orbit before science operations can get under way in earnest.

This article is from the BBC News website. � British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/go/rss/int/news/-/news/science-environment-11937467

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Test tube miracles

25 years of IVF treatment at one of the UK's first dedicated centres

This article is from the BBC News website. � British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/go/rss/int/news/-/news/health-11442887

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Government warned not to 'mess with' MPs' oath

Former Commons Speaker Baroness Boothroyd has warned ministers not to "mess with" Parliament's allegiance to the monarchy to allow Sinn Fein MPs to take their seats in the House of Commons.

This article is from the BBC News website. � British Broadcasting Corporation, The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

Source: http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/rss/int/news/-/democracylive/hi/house_of_lords/newsid_9261000/9261292.stm

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